Euthanasia is, I believe complicated. Caution - describes an old man dying, and end of life dilemmas.
Take the instance of my father. In hospital, barely breathing, unable to eat or drink, kidneys failing, veins collapsing, heart arrhythmic etc. Suffering. Not likely to live much longer.
Decision made to withdraw tubes. No further nutrition.
He had no say in it. Why? Very advanced dementia, incapable of understanding.
But let me illustrate something. I would sit with him. "Who's that?" (said anxiously) "Sunny." He'd grab my hand. Moments later, he'd thrust it away with extreme anxiety. "Who's that?" and so it would go until I realised he was more distressed by my presence than without.
Can you imagine the distress he felt as doctors tried to get cannulas into him? As people tried to change his incontinence pads? Etc.
But there would those that would argue that removing the existing drips and not putting fresh cannulas in or, alternatively, finding a way to put a gastric tube down or something, amounted to euthanasia, in that some would argue that removing nutrition is euthanasia.
If he'd been clearly able to eat and he'd been in a hospital, we'd probably have seen it as murder to deny him food.
I believe that what was done was technically euthanasia - providing a good death. (Eu = good, thanatos = death.)
Socially we call it euthanasia if someone objects to it. But the problem with that is the issue of inability to consent. My father had no mental capacity to give or withdraw consent to treatment or lack of it. Decisions had to be made. I had a power of attorney but actually that didn't really come into it. It was down to the doctors. Do we force him to survive in extreme distress, or do we withdraw those things that in effect force him to suffer?
I wish it was a neat and tidy issue, but I dont think it is. The most we can so as a society is to set out to help everyone to have the best quality of life possible, including things like love, kindness, acceptance, relief of physical & emotional pain etc., and then be supportive if they can't take any more.
I have physically saved lives. You don't know if you stop someone dying when it wasn't their choice that their life was on the line whether they wanted to live or not, but sometimes as you're slapping on field dressings or pulling someone out of the water or getting them away from fire, you act then and ask later if they wanted to live.
But sometimes the decisions we make over these things are difficult because it's not clear cut. What we can hope for is to help people through life's horridnesses so dying 'early' isn't what they feel they need, and then when dying happens, make it as peaceful as possible.
Incidentally, when you get stuff after news articles that tells people the Sams' number, I wish they'd also mention things like prayer lines and chat lines and specific condition and circumstance lines. I think, for instance, that Ataxia UK made a huge difference to my sense I could continue to face life.